---

July 22

07-22 TABLE of CONTENTS: Emma Lazarus's Sonnet is One of the World's Most Famous DATES, ANNIVERSARIES, and EVENTS QUOTE by Nora Ephron. "I Lift My Lamp Beside the Golden Door!" Born 07-22-1849, Emma Lazarus, American poet best known for a sonnet The New Colossus, 1883, which closes with the lines that are inscribed on the base of the Statue of Liberty in New York City harbor: "Give me your tired, your poor, Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free. The wretched refuse of your teeming shore, Send these, the homeless, tempest-tossed to me, I lift my lamp beside the golden door!" Although that one poem is famous almost beyond any other single work in America, she was a better essayist, who wrote poignantly of the Jews victimized under Russian pogroms.       She defended Jews who often faced persecution in the U.S. She was born, lived, and died in New York City. | PRIOR DATE |        | HOME |       | WOA INDEX |       | NEXT DATE |   | RETURN TO TOP OF PAGE | 07-22 DATES, ANNIVERSARIES, and EVENTS Feast day 07-22 of Mary Magdalene. MM, according to Biblical texts, witnessed both the crucifixion and the resurrection of Jesus.       According to Biblical texts, MM was the only one of Jesus' followers to do that - and the only one to whom Jesus spoke at the tomb - avoiding Peter and asking her to explain to everyone that he was ascending to heaven.       Many feminist religious scholars cite Jesus' orders to MM, asking her to spread the word as surpassing the Pauline (Paul) later philosophy that women were not to speak in church or teach men. B. 07-22-1860, Mother Marie Joseph Butler - Irish-born Roman Catholic American nun. As the Mother General of the Congregation of the Sacred Heat of Mary, she began the Marymount school system. She opened 14 schools in the United States, three of which became colleges. B. 07-22-1881, Augusta Fox Bronner - U.S. psychologist. Her mother and grandmother urged her to pursue a professional career and prevented her from doing housework as she grew up. Her thesis (1914) in psychology that proved character not intelligence caused delinquency became a standard work.       With William Healy, she developed a center in Boston (1917) which became the international model for child guidance. They married and Bronner ceased publishing on her own, only publishing jointly with Healy. They (she) developed the team concept of working with a patient by bringing together social workers, psychologists, and others to analyze a case.       She deliberately stayed in Healy's. shadow! B. 07-22-1890, Rose Kennedy - U.S. mother. RK became the epitome of a stalwart woman who maintained her dignity while her wealthy husband openly flaunted his many adulteries and somehow maintained her composure when three of her four sons were killed, her other son caused the death of a young woman, and a daughter proved to be mentally limited. An amazing woman. B. 07-22-1905, Frances Gladys Knight - U.S. government official. FGK headed the U.S. passport office in the late 1950s and tried to modernize it. She said three weeks to wait for a passport was too long.       Her reforms were blocked at every turn. She found out, as many pioneer career women did, that holding a position without a supporting network of other women or cooperating men is seldom successful. B. 07-22-1908, Amy Vanderbilt - U.S. author. AV wrote Vanderbilt's Complete Book of Etiquette that took a more modern approach to manners and etiquette than did Emily Post. B. 07-22-1913, Licia Albanese - Italian lyric soprano. LA gave more than 1,000 performances at the Metropolitan Opera over a 25-year period. Her debut with the Metropolitan was in 1940.       Her informal professional debut occurred when she was still a voice student in Italy. Like fairytale stories, she was literally pulled from the audience to substitute for the ailing star in a performance of Madame Butterfly. Albanese was known for her interpretations of Puccini and Verdi operas. B. 07-22-1933, Caterina Jarboro - opera singer. CJ became the first Black prima donna of a U.S. opera company when she sings the title role in Aida with the Chicago Opera Company. B. 07-22-1934, Louise Fletcher - U.S. actor. LF, an outstanding and renowned character actor, won the Academy Award for her chilling performance as the nurse in One Flew Over the Cookoos Nest. B. 07-22-1943, Kay Bailey Hutchison - U.S. Senator from Texas 1993-. Peggy Fleming Grace and ability won her the Olympic Gold Medal. B. 07-22-1948, Peggy Fleming - U.S. figure skater, winner of 1968 Olympic singles gold medal.       She became an outstanding business woman who revamped the ailing Ice Capades show into a profitable business. | PRIOR DATE |        | HOME |       | WOA INDEX |       | NEXT DATE |   | RETURN TO TOP OF PAGE | QUOTES DU JOUR EPHRON, NORA:       "The women's movement has made a huge difference...but it's just as hard to make a movie about women as it ever was, and look at the parts the Oscar-nominated actresses played this year: hooker, hooker, hooker, hooker, and nun..."             -- Nora Ephron from her commencement speech at Wellesley College, The Chronicle of Higher Education, July 1996. | PRIOR DATE |        | HOME |       | WOA INDEX |       | NEXT DATE |   | RETURN TO TOP OF PAGE |