The term "fatherless" ("fatherlessness" or "father-absence") is used in this series as it is in research and "father absence" policy rhetoric by the U.S. government, DHHS, the National Fatherhood Initiative, U.S. states in connection with child custody law and policy, and various family values and fatherhood policy and lobbying groups.

The effects of father absence can be seen in the fatherless children stories. Below is a list of famous fatherless children who grew up in father-absent homes and achieved greatness.

Citations to research and studies on the effects of father-absence can be found
here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here, and here.

The effects of fatherlessness??
Fatherless America? Yes indeed!  

Alexander Hamilton - the author of the Federalist Papers, first treasurer of the United States, and the founder of America's economic system.

John Hancock - president of the Continental Congress, signer of the Declaration of Independence, and financial underwriter of the American Revolution.

More than a quarter (27%) of U.S. presidents --
a majority of U.S. presidents in America's first 50 years:

U.S. President Gen. George Washington - America's first founding father, first president, and most beloved hero.

U.S. President Thomas Jefferson - America's third president, and primary author of the Declaration of Independence

U.S. President James Monroe - America's fifth president

U.S. President Andrew Jackson - America's seventh president

U.S. President Andrew Johnson - America's seventeenth president

U.S. President Rutherford B. Hayes - America's nineteenth president

U.S. President James A. Garfield - America's twentieth president

U.S. President Grover Cleveland - America's twenty-second president

U.S. President Herbert Hoover - America's thirty-first president

U.S. President Gerald Ford - America's thirty-eighth president

U.S. President William Jefferson Clinton - America's forty-second president

U.S. President Barack Obama - America's forty-fourth president

U.S. vice presidents:

U.S. Vice President Aaron Burr - America's third vice president, founding father

U.S. Vice President Schuyler Colfax - America's seventeenth vice president

U.S. Vice President Charles Curtis - America's thirty-sixth vice president

Many of America's top jurists:

U.S. Supreme Court Justice James F. Byrnes

U.S. Supreme Court Justice Benjamin N. Cardozo

U.S. Supreme Court Ch. Justice (and U.S. Treasury Secretary) Salmon P. Chase

U.S. Supreme Court Justice David Davis

U.S. Supreme Court Justice William O. Douglas

U.S. Supreme Court Justice Stephen Johnson Field

U.S. Supreme Court Justice Melville Fuller

U.S. Supreme Court Justice Arthur J. Goldberg

U.S. Supreme Court Justice John McKinley

U.S. Supreme Court Justice John Rutledge

U.S. Supreme Court Justice Sonia Sotomayor

U.S. Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas

U.S. Supreme Court Justice Thomas Todd

U.S. Supreme Court Ch. Justice Edward D. White

U.S. Supreme Court Justice James Wilson

More American leaders, heros, icons and achievers:

U.S. Gen. Omar Nelson Bradley

George Washington Carver

U.S. Gen. Wesley K. Clark

U.S. Senator Henry Clay

Stephen Colbert

Confederate President Jefferson Davis

Frederick Douglas

U.S. Gen. Alexander Haig

Nathaniel Hawthorne

U.S. (Confederate) Gen. Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall" Jackson

Fr. Gen. Marquis de Lafayette - supporter of the American Revolution

U.S. (Confederate) Gen. Robert E. Lee

Meriwether Lewis

U.S. (Confederate) Gen. James Longstreet (Lee's "Old War Horse")

George Mason - a founding father of America

U.S. Gen. George Gordon Meade (Gettysburg)

WWII hero Audie Murphy - the most decorated combat soldier of World War II

Linus Carl Pauling (Nobel Prize x 2)

Michael Phelps - the world's greatest Olympian (swimmer)

U.S. Lt. Gen. Lewis Burwell "Chesty" Puller - the most decorated Marine in U.S. History

Jackie Robinson

Eleanor Roosevelt

Benjamin Rush - a founding father of America, physician and diplomat

U.S. Gen. William Tecumseh Sherman

Annie Mansfield Sullivan - the "miracle worker", Helen Keller's teacher

Mark Twain

Booker T. Washington

Some of the world's greatest:

Aristotle

Jurist William Blackstone

Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu, Mother Theresa

Julius Caesar

Catherine the Great of Russia

Cleopatra

Confucius

Nicolas Copernicus

Queen Elizabeth I - also at The Liz Library Women's History Collection

Alexander Fleming - scientist who discovered penicillin

Mahatma Gandhi

Jesus of Nazareth

Genghis Khan

Johannes Kepler

Nelson Mandela

Muhammed - prophet of Islam

Sir Isaac Newton

Plato

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

King Solomon - Biblical icon

Leonardo da Vinci

William the Conquerer

More "fatherless children" (alphabetically):

U.S. Senator Bella Abzug

physician Hunter "Patch" Adams

computer pioneer Howard H. Aiken

choreographer Alvin Ailey

comedian Steve Allen

cancer researcher Frederick W. Alt

medical researcher Dorothy Andersen

author Hans Christian Andersen

singer Marian Anderson

author Ivo Andric'  (Nobel Prize)

mogul nun Mother Angelica

poet Maya Angelou (Marguerite Annie Johnson)

actress Jennifer Aniston

silent film star Fatty Arbuckle

historian Hannah Arendt

cyclist Lance Armstrong

musician Louis Armstrong

internet publisher Julian Assange

Hungarian poet Jozsef Attila

author Jane Austen

dancer Jeanne Beaudon Avril (Toulouse-Lautrec model)

North Carolina Gov. Charles Brantley Aycock

actor Lauren Bacall

composer Johann Sebastian Bach

politician Michele Bachmann

investigative journalist Russell Baker

entertainer hotelier Clayton "Peg Leg" Bates

author Charles Baudelaire

Isabella Baumfree (Sojourner Truth)

singer Harry Belafonte

scientist Sir Charles Bell

actor Jamie Bell (star of Billie Elliot)

anthropologist Ruth Fulton Benedict

composer Irving Berlin

actor Halle Berry

scientist Shanti Swaroop Bhatnagar

California Supreme Court Justice Rose Bird

Steve Bisciotti (Stephen J. Bisciotti) (owner, Baltimore Ravens)

legendary surfer Tom Blake

scientist Katherine Burr Blodgett

reporter Nelly Bly

physicist Max Born

"Father of Chemistry" Robert Boyle (Boyle's Law)

Plymouth Colony founder William Bradford

news correspondent Ed Bradley

U.S. Senator (and basketball great) William Warren "Bill" Bradley

comedian and activist Russell Brand

actor Benjamin Bratt

Sarah Breedlove aka Madam C.J. Walker

Arizona Governor Jan Brewer

actor Charles Bronson

actor Pierce Brosnan

editor Helen Gurley Brown

scientist Herbert C. Brown (Nobel Prize Chemistry)

"father of soul" musician James Brown

author Les Brown

comedian Lenny Bruce

biochemist Rachel Fuller Brown (first fungal antibiotic)

actor Yul Brynner

satiricist Art Buchwald

Canadian rocket scientist Gerald Bull

Ralph Johnson Bunche (Nobel Peace Prize 1950)

actor Carol Burnett

vaudevillian George Burns (Nathan Birnbaum)

molecular scientist Geoffrey Burnstock

poet Lord Byron (George Gordon)

philosopher Albert Camus (Nobel Prize)

author Elias Canetti (Nobel Prize)

cancer researcher Mario Capecchi (Nobel Prize)

author Truman Capote

first "celebrity chef" Antonin Careme

comedian George Carlin

pioneering surgeon Benjamin Carson  (Benjamin Solomon Carson)

explorer and soldier U.S. Brig. Gen. Christopher ("Kit") Carson

actor David Caruso

Texas politicians Julian Castro and Joaquin Castro

author Willa Cather

scientist Ernst B. Chain (Nobel Prize)

fashion designer Coco Chanel

actor Charlie Chaplin

Oona O'Neil Chaplin

actor/singer Cher

author Agatha Christie

musician Eric Clapton

computer guru Jim Clark (Silicon Graphics, Netscape)

author Mary Higgins Clark

science fiction writer Arthur C. Clarke

philanthropist Thomas Green Clemson (Clemson University)

singer Patsy Cline

U.S. Senator William F. Cody

songwriter, poet Leonard Cohen

educator Ward Connerly

journalist Anderson Hayes Cooper

comedian Bill Cosby

scientist Donald Cram (Nobel Prize Chemistry)

composer Stephen Crane

actor Tom Cruise

author Roald Dahl

actor Dorothy Dandridge

actor-comedian Rodney Dangerfield

singer Bobby Darin

actor Bette Davis

actor James Dean

NYC mayor Bill de Blasio (formerly Warren Wilhelm)

actor Yvonne De Carlo

scholar Daniel Dennett

advice columnist Amy Dickinson

actor Vin Diesel (Mark Sinclair Vincent)

actor Jeffrey Donovan

psychologist/author Peggy Drexler

writer-activist W.E.B. Du Bois (William Edward Burghardt Du Bois)

author Alexandre Dumas

pop psychologist Wayne Dyer

industrialist George Eastman (Eastman Kodak)

psychologist Albert Ellis

computer scientist Clarence Ellis

author Ralph Ellison

author Ralph Waldo Emerson

rapper Eminem (Marshall Bruce Mathers III)

U.S. Senator John Ensign

psychologist Erik Erikson

basketball great Julius Erving

actor Douglas Fairbanks

psychophysicist Gustav Theodor Fechner

politician Geraldine Ferraro

chess master Bobby Fischer (Robert James Fischer)

singer Ella Fitzgerald

actor Jodie Foster

Australian track star Cathy Freeman

cancer researcher Emil J. Freireich

educator Frederick Wilhelm August Froebel

economist Milton Friedman

poet Robert Frost

steamboat inventor Robert Fulton

musician David Gahan (Depeche Mode)

author/businessman Chris Gardner (The Art of Happyness)

social reformer/journalist William Lloyd Garrison

actor Gloria Gaynor

author Andre Gide (Nobel Prize)

architect Cass Gilbert

actor Melissa Gilbert

author Charlotte Perkins Gilman

painter Tommaso di Ser Giovanni di Simone (Masaccio)

actress Lillian Gish

comedian Jackie Gleason

actor Paulette Goddard

novelist Gail Godwin

actor Whoopi Goldberg

actor Cuba Gooding

writer Kenneth Grahame

actor Kelsey Grammer

Alabama Governor Bibb Graves

U.S. economist, Chair of the Federal Reserve Alan Greenspan

scientist Theodore Grutthuss (Nobel Peace Prize 1950)

actor Gene Hackman

nuclear engineer Susanna Harding

crystallographer David Harker

neuropsychologist and author Sam Harris (The End of Faith)

Oklahoma's first governor, Charles Nathaniel Haskell

first governor of British India Warren Hastings

opera singer Catherine "Kate" Hayes

economist Henry Hazlitt

scientist Alan J. Heegar (Nobel Prize Chemistry 2000)

baseball player Rickey Henderson

poet William Ernest Henley (Invictus)

actor Audrey Hepburn

conductor Victor Herbert

geophysicist J. Marvin Herndon

scientist Gerhard Herzberg (Nobel Prize Chemistry 1971)

industrialist William Reddington Hewlett (Hewlett-Packard)

union organizer, poet, author Joe Hill

pharmaceutical researcher George Hitchings (Nobel Prize)

singer Billie Holliday

scientist Robert Hooke

Tennessee Governor Sam Houston

industrialist Roy Wilson Howard (Scripps-Howard)

physicist, virtual reality pioneer Eric Howlett

U.S. House Majority Leader Steny Hamilton Hoyer

actor/director Werner Herzog

writer Langston Hughes

poet Richard Hugo

philosopher David Hume

Iraqi president Saddam Hussein

North Carolina Gov., U.S. Senator James Iredell, Jr.

writer John Irving

civil rights activist and politician Jesse Jackson

author/blogger Kevin Jackson ("The Big Black Lie")

scientist Edward Jenner

actor Angelina Jolie

actor Carolyn Jones (Morticia)

musician Rickie Lee Jones

biologist Ernest Everett Just

dictator Chiang Kai-shek

chess great Garry Kasparov

MIT political scientist William Weed Kaufman

research physician Judith Kaur

author John Keats

Jamaican Olympic skier Errol Kerr

social scientist reformer Frances Alice Kellor

New Zealand Prime Minister John Key

youtube education genius Salman Khan (Khan Academy)

musician B.B. King

television personality Larry King

author Stephen King

singer Eartha Kitt

baseball great Sandy Koufax (Sandy Braun)

physiologist Karl Landsteiner (Nobel Prize)

vocalist Kathryn Dawn Lang (k.d. lang)

photographer Dorothea Lange

actress Dame Angela Lansbury

scientist Lewis H. Latimer (carbon filament)

archaeologist Mary Leakey

mathematician Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz

musician John Lennon

literary critic John Leonard

economist Sir Arthur Lewis (Nobel Prize)

author Jack London

author Barry Lopez

actor George Lopez

actor Sophia Loren

computer whiz, mathematician Ada Lovelace (Augusta Ada Byron)

actor-comedian Bernie Mac

musician Joe Madden

physics professor Ronald Mallett

actress Sophie Marceau

musician Bob Marley (Robert Nesta Marley)

baseball great Billy Martin

author Harry Martinsson (Nobel Prize)

writer Frank McCourt (Pulitzer Prize)

actor Steve McQueen

U.S. Representative Kendrick Meek

chemist Dmitri Mendeleev

economist Franco Modigliani (Nobel Prize)

author Lucy Montgomery

author Herman Melville

author J. R. Moehringer (Pulitzer Prize)

Tom Monaghan (Domino's Pizza)

actor Marilyn Monroe

Florida superstar investigative reporter Lucy Morgan

newspaper and media personality Piers Morgan

feminist Robin Morgan

U.S. Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan

comedian Eddie Murphy

Liberty Chick Mandy Nagy

Media personality Toure Neblett

musician Willie Nelson

actor Jack Nicholson

philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche

Olympic biathlete Deborah Nordyke

martial artist Chuck Norris

U.S. Senator George W. Norris

actor Christopher David Noth (Law and Order)

Maryland Gov. Sean O'Casey

Maryland Gov. Benjamin Ogle

WWII hero Edward "Butch" O'Hare (Medal of Honor, O'Hare Airport)

Basketball great Shaquille O'Neal

writer, satirist Scott Ott

actor Al Pacino

activist Rosa Parks

Massachusetts Gov. Deval Laurdine Patrick

British Prime Minister Spencer Perceval

Argentinian political activist Eva Peron

Secretary of the Air Force F. Whitten Peters

detective Allan Pinkerton

poet Sylvia Plath

author Edgar Allen Poe

model Paulina Porizkova

composer Giacomo Puccini

celebrity chef Wolfgang Puck

short story writer Horacio Quiroga

painter Raphael

singer Lou Rawls

actor Keanu Reeves

Ohio Gov. James Allen Rhodes

French Revolutionary Maximilien de Robespierre

actor Doris Roberts

industrialist John Davison Rockefeller I (Standard Oil)

Dorothy Rodham, mother of Hillary Clinton

baseball great Alexander Emmanuel Rodriguez

prosecutor Jim Rogan

psychiatrist Hermann Rorschach

musician W. Axl Rose (William Bruce Rose, Jr.) (Guns N' Roses)

scientist Peyton Rous (Nobel Prize)

political genius Karl Rove

Australian acting genius Geoffrey Roy Rush

philosopher Bertrand Russell

U.S. Representative (2012 V.P. candidate) Paul Ryan

Lewis & Clark guide Sacagawea

Revolutionary War soldier Deborah Sampson [Gannett] (aka "Robert Shurtlieff")

businessman Colonel Harland Sanders (Kentucky Fried Chicken)

President of France, Nicolas Sarkozy

philosopher-author Jean-Paul Sartre (Nobel Prize)

beauty products businessman Vidal Sassoon

lawyer Caroline Kennedy Schlossberg

U.S. Senator Tim Scott

U.S. Senator Al Sharpton

Washington State Senator Paull Shin

9/11 hero, firefighter Stephen Siller

rock star Gene Simmons

New York Governor Al Smith

celebrity Anna Nicole Smith (Vickie Lynn Hogan)

U.S. Senator Robert C. "Bob" Smith

geologist William Smith

chemist philanthropist James Smithson (founder of Smithsonian Institution)

U.S. Senator Olympia J. Snowe

author Aleksandr Isayevich Solzhenitsyn (Nobel Prize)

economist, author, columnist Thomas Sowell

microwave oven inventor Percy Spencer

Russian dictator Joseph Stalin

writer/explorer Henry Morton Stanley

actor Barbara Stanwyck

musician Ringo Starr (Richard Starkey Jr.)

physics professor Keivan Stassun

Maryland Lt. Gov. and RNC Chair Michael Steele

actor Rod Steiger

activist Gloria Steinem

comedian Jon Stewart

author Jonathan Swift

Israeli heroine, WWII paratrooper Hannah Szenes

inventor Henry Talbot

astronaut Daniel Tani

actor/director Quentin Tarantino

actor/model Charlize Theron

gonzo journalist Hunter S. Thompson

physicist Joseph John ("J.J.") Thomson (Nobel Prize)

scientist Arne Wilhelm Kaurin Tiselius (Nobel Prize)

author J.R.R. Tolkien (Lord of the Rings)

author Leo Tolstoy

scientist Evangelista Torricelli (inventor of the barometer)

actor Laurence Tureaud ("Mr. T")

actress Lana Turner

singer Tina Turner

musician Shania Twain

Ukrainian Prime Minister Yulia Tymoshenko

boxer Mike Tyson

novelist Sigrid Undset (Nobel Prize)

physical chemist Harold Clayton Urey (Nobel Prize)

musician Ritchie Valens

President of Ireland Eamon de Valera

Queen Victoria of Britain

scientist Alessandro Volta

poet Derek Walcott (Nobel Prize)

divorce psychologist Judy Wallerstein (Judith Hannah Saretsky Wallerstein)

behavioral psychologist John B. Watson

musician Roger Waters (Pink Floyd)

zoologist Max Weber

television anchor Bill Weir

singer Hank Williams

scientist Charles Thomson Rees Wilson (Nobel Prize Physics)

musician Barry White

actress Vanna White

industrialist Eli Whitney, Jr.

heart surgeon Daniel Hale Williams

Indiana Supreme Court Justice William Allen Woods

poet William Wordsworth

architect Frank Lloyd Wright

U.S. Senator George Grover Wright

author Richard Wright

activist Malcolm X

entreprenur Hiroshi Yamauchi (Nintendo)

WWII Bulgarian resistance fighter Violeta Yosifova Yakova

actor Loretta Young

author Emile Zola

and many, many more....

---

Satisfied yet? The notion is FALSE that children require a certain kind of family composition (two married biological parents) in order to do well, rather than that certain family characteristics and lifestyle advantages (such as educational opportunities, financial opportunities, stability, attention, and so forth) may be beneficial.

No research proves that when a child's parents do not live together, joint custody is in the child's long-term best interests, or that "the best parent is two parents." See the research: here, and here, and here, and here, and here, and still more, along with discussions and articles in the index here.

(Interesting, though, how "motherlessness" is almost glorified in our society, e.g. Disney.)

At thelizlibrary.org, we don't "hate men". We hate lies. If you have to lie to make your case (or resort to baseless and idiotic ad hominem), then there's something wrong with your case. Stop lying. Stop it now.

---

Alexander Hamilton - President Gen. George Washington - President Thomas Jefferson - President James Monroe - President Andrew Jackson - President Andrew Johnson - President Rutherford B. Hayes - President James A. Garfield - President Herbert Hoover - President Grover Cleveland - President Gerald Ford - President William Jefferson Clinton - President Barack Obama - U.S. Supreme Court Justice James Wilson - U.S. Supreme Court Justice John Rutledge - John Hancock - U.S. Supreme Court Justice Stephen Johnson Field - U.S. Supreme Court Justice Thomas Todd - U.S. Supreme Court Justice David Davis - U.S. Supreme Court Justice John McKinley - U.S. Supreme Court Ch. Justice (and U.S. Treasury Secretary) Salmon P. Chase - U.S. Supreme Court Justice Melville Fuller - U.S. Supreme Court Ch. Justice Edward D. White - U.S. Supreme Court Justice Benjamin N. Cardozo - U.S. Supreme Court Justice William O. Douglas - U.S. Supreme Court Justice James F. Byrnes - U.S. Supreme Court Justice Arthur J. Goldberg - U.S. Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas - behaviorist John B. Watson - James Smithson - Frederick Douglas - Gen. Robert E. Lee - Booker T. Washington - Benjamin Rush - Henry Clay - U.S. Rep. Paul Ryan - Stephen Colbert - George Mason - Maya Angelou - Russell Brand - Aaron Burr - Fr. Gen. Marquis de Lafayette - U.S. Senator Henry Clay - Indiana Sen. George Grover Wright - William Tecumseh Sherman - Meriwether Lewis - Eleanor Roosevelt - Donald Cram - Gen. Wesley K. Clark - Gen. George Gordon Meade - Jackie Robinson - Mark Twain - George Washington Carver - Nathaniel Hawthorne - Eli Whitney Jr. - Vin Diesel - U.S. House Majority Leader Steny Hamilton Hoyer - Schuyler Colfax - Michael Phelps - Linus Carl Pauling - Aristotle - Nicolas Copernicus - Gen. James Longstreet - Sir Isaac Newton - Mahatma Gandhi - Leonardo da Vinci - Confucius - Jesus of Nazareth - Queen Elizabeth I - Jean-Jacques Rousseau - William Blackstone - Kelsey Grammer - Annie Mansfield Sullivan - William Ernest Henley - Alexander Fleming - Nelson Mandela - Eartha Kitt - Catherine the Great of Russia - Henry Hazlitt - Gail Godwin - Leonard Cohen - Robert Frost - Langston Hughes - Alexandre Dumas - Les Brown - Gen. Alexander Haig - Mario Capecchi - Alabama Governor Bibb Graves - New York Governor Al Smith - Tennessee Governor Sam Houston - Clarence Ellis - Bernie Mac - Indiana Supreme Court Justice William Allen Woods - U.S. Senator Al Sharpton - U.S. Senator Senator Robert C. "Bob" Smith - Lou Rawls - U.S. Senator John Ensign - U.S. Senator Bella Abzug - Sandy Koufax - U.S. Senator William Warren "Bill" Bradley - Jamie Bell - U.S. Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan - Queen Victoria of Britain - Alan Greenspan - Plato - Alessandro Volta - Jim Clark - Ada Lovelace - Jane Austen - George Eastman - Russell Baker - Harry Belafonte - Arne Wilhelm Kaurin Tiselius - Rosa Parks - Mother Theresa - Roy Wilson Howard - Brig. Gen. Christopher ("Kit") Carson - Washington State Senator Paull Shin - Jennifer Aniston - Johann Sebastian Bach - Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz - Lance Armstrong - John Lennon - Hans Christian Andersen - Billy Martin - Edward Jenner - George Hitchings - U.S. Sen. George Norris - Eva Peron - Ringo Starr - Giacomo Puccini - Joseph John ("J.J.") Thomson - Bertrand Russell - Hermann Rorschach - Herman Melville - Lewis Latimer - Ivo Andric' - Mandy Nagy - W.E.B. Du Bois - John Keats - Albert Camus - Marian Anderson - Ernst B. Chain - Richard Hugo - Garry Kasparov - Johannes Kepler - Sylvia Plath - Leo Tolstoy - Peyton Rous - Herbert C. Brown - Benjamin Carson - Jean-Paul Sartre - Angela Lansbury - U.S. Sen. William F. Cody - U.S. Sen. Olympia Snowe - Raphael - David Hume - Hannah Arendt - Erik Erikson - Ralph Waldo Emerson - Stephen Crane - Charlize Theron - Lord Byron - Ernest Everett Just - Geraldine Ferraro - Joel Madden - Spencer Perceval - Truman Capote - Yvonne De Carlo - Alex Rodriguez - Friedrich Nietzsche - Agatha Christie - William Wordsworth - Max Weber - Cleopatra - Bobby Darin - Larry King - Jesse Jackson - North Carolina Gov. James Iredell, Jr. - Audie Murphy - Gustav Theodor Fechner - Edgar Allen Poe - Alam J. Heeger - Emile Zola - Yulia Tymoshenko - David Gahan - Elias Canetti - William Smith - Colonel Sanders - William the Conquerer - Jeffrey Donovan - Charles Curtis - Oona O'Neil Chaplin - Michele Bachmann - Deborah Nordyke - Hiroshi Yamauchi - Dmitri Mendeleev - Jozsef Attila - William Bradford - Gerald Bull - Willa Cather - Ritchie Valens - Daniel Dennett - Cass Gilbert - Mary Leakey - Harry Martinsson - Lewis Burwell "Chesty" Puller - Joseph Stalin - Charlie Chaplin - Nelly Bly - Lana Turner - Alvin Ailey - Rachel Fuller Brown - Henry Morton Stanley - Mike Tyson - Max Born - Sarah Breedlove - Frederick Froebel - Milton Friedman - Geoffrey Burnstock - Thomas Sowell - William Week Kaufman - Judith Kaur - Robert Boyle - Theodore Grutthuss - Steve Allen - Mary Higgins Clark - Louis Armstrong - Warren Hastings - Allan Pinkerton - Billie Holiday - Hank Williams - Scott Ott - Malcolm X - Carol Burnett - Conf. President Jefferson Davis - Thomas Green Clemson - John Irving - J.R.R. Tolkien - Charles Bronson - Bill de Blasio - Stephen Siller - Albert Ellis - Tom Blake - Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn - Gene Simmons - Stonewall Jackson - Evangelista Torricelli - Paulette Goddard - Gene Hackman - Sir Arthur Lewis - Robert Hooke - Genghis Khan - Daniel Hale Williams - James Byron Dean - Halle Berry - Benjamin Bratt - Eddie Murphy - Caroline Kennedy Schlossberg - Charles Baudelaire - Masaccio - Deborah Sampson - Karl Landsteiner - Ralph Ellison - California Supreme Court Justice Rose Bird - David Caruso - Eric Clapton - Jack London - Eamon de Valera - Maryland Lt. Gov. Michael Stephen Steele - Arizona Governor Jan Brewer - William Reddington Hewlett - J. Marvin Herndon - Mother Angelica - Karl Rove - Lauren Bacall - Hannah Szenes - Werner Herzog - Nicolas Sarkozy - Antonin Careme - Melissa Gilbert - Chuck Norris - Julius Caesar - Yul Brynner - Shanti Swaroop Bhatnagar - Lord Byron - Gerhard Herzberg - Keanu Reeves - Steve Bisciotti - Clayton "Peg Leg" Bates - Kevin Jackson - Judith Wallerstein - Lucy Morgan - Ella Fitzgerald - Muhammed - Massachusetts Gov. Deval Patrick - John Leonard - Andre Gide - Dorothea Lange - Dorothy Dandridge - Cathy Freeman - Errol Kerr - F. Whitten Peters - Henry Talbot - Sigrid Undset, - Arthur C. Clarke - Aaron Burr - James Allen Rhodes - Jim Rogan - B.B. King - Frederick W. Alt - Emil J. Freireich - Willie Nelson - Charlotte Perkins Gilman - Ruth Benedict - Victor Herbert- George Burns - Maryland Gov. Benjamin Ogle - North Carolina Governor Charles Brantley Aycock - Gen. Omar Bradley - Howard Aiken - Bessie Coleman - Dorothy Andersen - Wolfgang Puck - Jeanne Avril - Chiang Kai-shek - NZ Prime Minister John Key - Hunter S. Thompson - Vanna White - Videl Sassoon - Bill Weir - Oklahoma Gov. Charles Nathaniel Haskell - Julian Assange - k.d. Lang - Coco Chanel - Quentin Tarantino - Anderson Hayes Cooper - James Brown - Kenneth Grahame - Hunter "Patch" Adams - Angelina Jolie - Violeta Yosifova Yakova - Maximilien de Robespierre - Toure Neblett - Jack Nicholson - Chris Noth - Edward "Butch" O'Hare - Piers Morgan - Sam Harris - Rod Steiger - Julian Castro and Joaquin Castro - Helen Gurley Brown - Roger Waters - Rodney Dangerfield - John Davison Rockefeller I - Lillian Gish - Roald Dahl - Lucy Montgomery - William Lloyd Garrison - Douglas Fairbanks - David Harker - Rickie Lee Jones - Robert Fulton - Irving Berlin - Jonathan Swift - Peggy Drexler - Art Buchwald - Carolyn Jones - Bobby Fischer - Robin Morgan - Sojourner Truth - Judge Sonya Sotomayor - Doris Roberts - Barry Lopez - Sophie Marceau - Loretta Young - Marilyn Monroe - Barbara Stanwick - Steve McQueen - Cher - Amy Dickinson - Geoffrey Rush - Julius Erving - Pierce Brosnan - Wayne Dyer - Francis Alice Kellor - Sophia Loren - Eminem - George Carolin - Salman Khan - Joe Hill - Stephen King - Franco Modigliani - Frank McCourt - Derek Walcott - Dorothy Rodham - Sir Charles Bell - Whoopi Goldberg - Charles Thomson Rees Wilson - Richard Nathaniel Wright - Daniel Tani - Percy Spencer - Ward Connerly - Fatty Arbuckle - Katherine Burr Blodgett - Eric Howlett - Cuba Gooding - Dorothea Lange - Shaquille O'Neal - Frances Kellor - Gloria Steinem - Gloria Gaynor - Jon Stewart - Ronald Mallet - Shania Twain - Al Pacino - Harold Clayton Urey - Kendrick Meek - Bette Davis - J. R. Moehringer - Audrey Hepburn - Tom Cruise - Horacio Quiroga - Tina Turner - Kate Hayes - Jackie Gleason - Sean O'Casey - Bill Cosby - Barry White - Susanna Harding - Jodie Foster - Frank Lloyd Wright - Paulina Porizkova - Patsy Cline - Anna Nicole Smith - Bob Marley - Axl Rose - George Lopez - Laurence Tureaud - Ralph Bunche - Ed Bradley - Tom Monaghan - Rickey Henderson - Sonia Sotomayor - U.S. Senator Tim Scott...